Unemployment benefits are payments made by the state or other authorized bodies to unemployed people. Benefits may be based on a compulsory para-governmental insurance system. Depending on the jurisdiction and the status of the person, those sums may be small, covering only basic needs (thus a form of basic welfare), or may compensate the lost time proportionally to the previous earned salary. They often are part of a larger social security scheme. More about the different unemployment funds? See oversigt.
To receive unemployment benefit from the unemployment fund, you must have been a member of the unemployment fund for at least a year and worked for minimum 52 weeks full time during the last three years.There are though other rules if you are independent which you may read about here: http://www.akasseguiden.dk/generelt/a-kasser-for-selvstaendige/
As an EU or EEA citizen, you are permitted under the rules of free movement to go to any European country for the purpose of seeking work. You will be permitted to stay in Denmark for three months while looking for a job. If however at the end of this period you are still unemployed, you will not be allowed to remain in the country. Further reading at priser.
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